Documento de consenso sobre el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la faringoamigdalitis aguda
- R. Piñeiro Pérez
- Francisco Hijano Bandera
- Fernando Álvez González
- Ana Fernández Landaluce
- J. C. Silva Rico
- C. Pérez Cánovas
- Cristina Calvo Rey
- María José Cilleruelo Ortega
ISSN: 1695-4033, 1696-4608
Año de publicación: 2011
Volumen: 75
Número: 5
Páginas: 342
Tipo: Artículo
Otras publicaciones en: Anales de Pediatría: Publicación Oficial de la Asociación Española de Pediatría ( AEP )
Resumen
Abstract Acute tonsillopharyngitis is one of the most common childhood diseases. Viruses are the most frequent origin. Group A Streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes) is the main bacterial cause. A culture or a rapid antigen-detection test of a throat-swab specimen should only be done on the basis of clinical scores, in order to avoid over-diagnosis of bacterial origin and unnecessary antibiotic prescription. The objectives of treatment are: the reduction of symptoms, reduce the contagious period, and prevent local suppurative and systemic complications. Ideally, only confirmed cases should receive antibiotics. If there is no possibility to perform a rapid antigen-detection test, or in some cases if the result is negative, it is recommended to perform a culture and, if there is high suspicious index, to prescribe antibiotics. Penicillin is the treatment of choice, although amoxicillin is also accepted as the first option. Amoxicillin/clavulanate is not indicated in any case as empirical treatment. Macrolides are not a first choice antibiotic, and should be reserved for those patients with immediate penicillin allergy reaction or for the treatment of streptococcal carriers. It is of primordial importance to adapt the prescribing of antibiotics to the scientific evidence.