Las tres caras de la sonrisa gingival . Revisión bibliográfica
- Markel Telletxea Iraola 1
- Joaquín López-Malla Matute 2
- Esther Alía García
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1
Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio
info
- 2 Alfonso X El Sabio
ISSN: 1697-6398, 1697-641X
Year of publication: 2020
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Pages: 59-66
Type: Article
More publications in: Científica dental: Revista científica de formación continuada
Abstract
The excessive gingival display when a patient smiles (from 2 mm or more) is known as gummy smile. When the harmony established between the teeth, lips and gum is altered, exhibiting short clinical crown of the maxillary anterior teeth, in occasions generates an aesthetic problem for some patients. There are different etiologies of gummy smile, it concludes in three facets: dentoperiodontal (Altered Passive Eruption and Altered Active Eruption), bone defect (excessive vertical bone growth, dentoalveolar extrution) and muscular (short upper lip and upper lip hyperactivity), and the combination of some of these factors. A multifactorial condition requires a multidisciplinary boarding: plastic periodontal surgery, orthodontic, orthognathic surgery, lip reduction, infiltration of Botulinum toxin and complementary aesthetic treatment.