Does Human JC Virus Play a Role in the International Variations and Temporal Trends of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer? A Meta-Analysis

  1. Hytham K. S. Hamid 2
  2. Artur Marc-Hernández 1
  3. Jaime Ruiz-Tovar 3
  1. 1 Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
    info

    Universidad Rey Juan Carlos

    Madrid, España

    ROR https://ror.org/01v5cv687

  2. 2 Department of Surgery, Soba University Hospital, Khartoum
  3. 3 Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio
    info

    Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio

    Villanueva de la Cañada, España

    ROR https://ror.org/054ewwr15

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Revista:
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research

ISSN: 2224-6509

Año de publicación: 2020

Volumen: 9

Número: 5

Páginas: 3340-3350

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.17554/J.ISSN.2224-3992.2020.09.958 GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research

Resumen

The prevalence and incidence trend of early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) exhibit wide variations across the world, which could be attributed to early-life exposures such as diet and viral infections. We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the association between John Cunningham virus (JCV) infection and EO-CRC. Literature was searched for studies comparing the presence of JCV DNA in colorectal cancerous and non-cancerous tissues. Countries where the studies were conducted were categorized into high and low prevalence settings for EO-CRC, and according to the time-weighted average annual per cent change in incidence rates of EO-CRC into rising-trend, stable-trend, and decreasing-trend settings. A total of 19 studies with 3065 participants were included. The meta-analysis showed that JCV increased the odds for colorectal adenoma development (6-fold) more than colorectal cancer (4.1-fold), in comparison to controls. The odds for colorectal tumor development with JCV infection were significantly higher in the high-prevalence settings than in the low-prevalence settings when compared with controls and matched adjacent colorectal tissues. Similarly, the odds for colorectal tumor development trended to be higher in the rising-trend settings than in the stable-trend settings when compared with controls and matched adjacent colorectal tissues; no JCV DNA was detected in the decreasing-trend settings in both cancerous and non-cancerous colorectal tissues. These results suggest that JCV is likely involved in early stage of colorectal carcinogenesis, and may play a role in the international variations and temporal trends of EO-CRC in some parts of the world.

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