Análisis de la relación de la microbiota oral y la patología oral mediante métodos metagenómicos

Résumé

Introduction: the oral microbiota, made up of approximately 700 bacterial species, is involved in the induction and formation of the immune system, thus maintaining the overall health of the host. A dysbiosis can cause pathologies such as caries and periodontitis, which can be analyzed through metagenomic methods, such as 16S rRNA sequencing.Aim: evaluatemetagenomics as a tool to study the oral microbiota and discover its drawbacks, describe the specific microbiota of each location in the oral cavity, and analyze the relationship between caries and salivary parameters: pH, salivary flow, TAC and TPC.Material and method: this bibliographic review has been carried out by consulting the scientific databases PubMed, SciELO, Cochrane Library and Sapiens. In order to obtain the preliminary results presented, 40 saliva samples from adults and 40 from children have been collected at the UAX University Dental Clinic, performing a measurement of pH and salivary flow, a count of the total amount of proteins and an analysis of the antioxidant capacity of the saliva.Results/discussion: when analyzing the disease and age groups, it is found that the pH of adults is slightly more acidic than the children’s one, and significant differences are found in terms of TPC and TAC, both values being higher in healthy adults than in children (p<0.05)Conclusion: metagenomics is aninstrument that allows an early diagnosis, precise treatment and long-term control, and monitoring the disease